Which process involves removing microorganisms from surfaces?

The process that involves removing microorganisms from surfaces is decontamination. Decontamination refers to the procedures used to reduce or eliminate harmful pathogens from surfaces or objects, making them safe to handle. This includes methods such as cleaning and disinfection.

Cleaning is the first step in decontamination and involves the removal of dirt, debris, and some microorganisms, typically using soap and water. However, cleaning alone does not necessarily eliminate all pathogens.

Disinfection refers to the use of chemicals or other methods to destroy or inactivate most pathogenic microorganisms on surfaces, but it may not remove all microbial spores.

Sterilization is a more intense process that involves the complete destruction of all forms of microbial life, including spores, and is typically used for instruments and materials that must be free of all microorganisms.

Decontamination serves as a broader term that encompasses cleaning and disinfection but specifically emphasizes the goal of removing or neutralizing pathogens to ensure safety in healthcare settings and other environments.