What virus is responsible for leading to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome?

The virus responsible for leading to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). HIV attacks the body’s immune system, specifically targeting CD4+ T cells, which are crucial for maintaining the immune response. As the virus progresses, it ultimately diminishes the body’s ability to fight off infections and diseases, leading to the condition known as AIDS.

HIV is transmitted through specific bodily fluids such as blood, semen, vaginal secretions, and breast milk, making epidemiological understanding crucial in controlling spread and transmission. Once someone is diagnosed with AIDS, it signals that their immune system has been severely compromised, which may result in opportunistic infections and cancers that can be life-threatening.

In contrast, the other viruses listed, such as the Hepatitis B Virus, Human Papillomavirus, and Influenza Virus, do not cause AIDS. Hepatitis B primarily affects liver functionality, Human Papillomavirus is associated with certain types of cancers (such as cervical cancer), and the Influenza Virus causes respiratory illnesses. Each of these viruses has distinct mechanisms of action and health implications that do not relate to the immunodeficiency and complications seen with HIV/AIDS.